fully associative cache memory

 

fully associative cache memory and in some
translation look-aside buffers or page translation
tables of the hardware to support virtual
memory. Given the user-space address of a
page it returns the physical address of that
page in main memory. Also called content
addressable memory (CAM).
associative processor a parallel processor
consisting of a number of processing elements,
memory modules, and input–output
devices under a single control unit. The capability
of the processing elements is usually
limited to the bit-serial operations.
associativity In a cache, the number of
lines in a set. An n-way set associative cache
has n lines in each set. (Note: the term
“block” is also used for “line.”)
astable multivibrator the circuit that is
obtained from a closed-loop regenerative system
that includes two similar amplifiers of
high gain connected with each other via coupling
circuits with reactance elements. More
frequently are used RC-coupling circuits
(free-running RC-multivibrators, emittercoupled
multivibrators), yet RL-circuits,
usually as transformer coils, may be used as
well (magnetic multivibrators).
astigmatism a defect associated with optical
and electrostatic lenses where the magnification
is not the same in two orthogonal
planes; common where beam propagation is
not along the axis of rotation of the system.
asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL)
a digital subscriber line (DSL) in which the
rate from central switching office (CO) to
customer premise is much faster than the rate
from customer premise to CO.
asymmetric multiprocessor (1) a machine
with multiple processors, in which the
time to access a specific memory address is
different depending on which processor performs
the request.
(2) in contrast with a symmetric multiprocessor,
asymmetric multiprocessor is a multiprocessor
in which the processors are not
assigned equal tasks. The controller (master)
processor(s) are assigning tasks to (slave)
processors and controlling I/O for them.
asymmetric multivibrator a multivibrator
where the output voltage represents a train
of narrow pulses. Most asymmetric multivibrators
use a slowcharge of a large timing capacitor
by a small current (or via a large resistor)
and a fast discharge of this capacitor via
a switch. The charge process determines the
duration of space; the mark duration, which
coincides with the time allowed for discharge
of the timing capacitor, is usually determined
by a small time constant of the circuit controlling
the switch. Asymmetric multivibrators
find applications in voltage-to-frequency
converters. Also called multivibrators with a
small mark/space ratio.
asymmetric resonator standing-wave
resonator in which either the reflectivities or
the curvatures of the primary mirrors are unequal.
asymmetrical silicon controlled rectifier
(ASCR) (1) an inverter grade SCR fabricated
to have limited reverse voltage capability.
Fabrication with asymmetrical voltage
blocking capability in the forward and
reverse direction permits reduction of turnon
time, turn-off time, and conduction drop.
(2) a thyristor that has limited conduction
in the reverse direction to gain increased
switching speed and low forward voltage
drop. See also silicon controlled rectifier
(SCR).
asymptotic 2-D observer a system described